Solubility is one of the most important characteristics of water and therefore, is called the universal solvent. The salt of water, snow and rain during penetration through soil layers and transition from beds with different lithology are increased by dissolving part of elements.
The qualitative alteration of aquifer depends on different parameters such as material of bedrocks, contact time of water with different soil layers, depth of water surface, water evaporation from aquifer and different external parameters such waste waters, detergents and chemical fertilizers.
We require a modern research laboratory to achieve these goals. Therefore, hydrochemistry laboratory is introduced by below equipments on Applied Research Center of Geological Survey of Iran:

Hydrochemistry Laboratory includes:
1. Chemistry & physics laboratory
2. Heavy elements and mineral pollutants laboratory
3. Biology laboratory
4. Microbiology laboratory
5. Organic pollutants laboratory
6. Water & waste water laboratory
Water Laboratory Instruments - Medical Geology
1. IC: Ion Chromatography system is used to measure water cations and anions with high precision. 
2. Chloridimetry meter
3.  Turbidity meter
4. DR2400 System
5. SENS ION156 System
6. Photometer
7. Spectrophotometer
8. COD, BOD meter
9. PH meter
10. ICP-OES laboratory for precise measurement of water analysis
11. IC: Ion Chromatography system for measurement of water anions & cations

Main Activities of Water Laboratory of Medical Geology include: 
1. Detailed study of flowing waters & underground waters in drinking and agricultural applications based upon hydrochemical and hydrological views and qualitative & quantitative analysis of different elements and pollutants
2. Design of sampling, field sampling and systematic sampling of waters, tests methods,  processing of different laboratory analysis data and identification of pollutant areas based upon geogenic and anthropogenic origin for the purpose of study of pollutants has effect on living creatures healthy
3. Drawing & arrangement of hydrochemical anomaly maps of medical laboratories and measurement &  the allowable level of pollutants and their thematic interpretation